France

There are several pieces of legislation and implementation measures at the EU level and in its Member States that may contribute to the emissions reductions required to meet the NDC targets. Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 includes an enhanced governance system related to integrated planning, reporting and monitoring in climate and energy policy with respect to climate and energy targets and provisions for multi-level public participation and consultations to be held by Member States to prepare the integrated national energy and climate plans that implement their policy targets up to 2030.

The EU has also adopted legislation that are relevant to the implementation its initial NDC, particularly the minimum 40 percent emissions reduction target. Moreover, other legislation has been strengthened to aid in achieving this target, which include the following:

• Directives (EU) 2018/2001 and 2018/2002, regarding renewable energy and energy efficiency,
• Directive (EU) 2018/844, regarding the energy performance of buildings,
• Regulations (EU) 2019/631 and (EU) 2019/1242, which sets CO2 emission standards for new passenger cars, light commercial and heavy-duty vehicles,
• Directive (EU) 2019/1161, on the promotion of clean and energy-efficient road transport vehicles;
• Directives (EU) 2018/850, 2018/851 and (EU) 2018/85, on improving waste management and advancing a more circular economy, and
• Regulation (EU) No 517/2014, on reducing fluorinated greenhouse gases in the EU.